The Effect of Tannin-Containing Peanut Skin Supplementation As a Natural Anthelmintic Supplement on Drug-Resistant Haemonchus Contortus Control and Animal Performance in Meat Goat

Two trials (indoor; Exp.1 and grazing trial; Exp.2) were conducted to determine the effects of condensed tannin (CT)-containing peanut skin (PS) on animal performance and drug-resistant H. contortus control in meat goats. In Exp. 1, 18 Kiko-crossbreed intact male goats (Capra hircus) were randomly assigned to three treatments (n = 6): 1) control (no-PS), 2) 25% PS and 3) 50% PS. The diets consisted of concentrates containing varying levels of PS with soybean meal, alfalfa pellet, ground corn, vitamins and minerals mix and coastal hay at the rate of 450 grams per goat per day. Animals were confined indoors for a period of 50 d. While, in Exp. 2, 32 Kiko-crossbreed intact male goats were randomly assigned to 4 treatments with 2 replicates (n = 8) grazing on winter wheat (Triticum aestivum) supplemented with; 1) control (no-PS), 2) 20 g; 3) 80 g, and 4) 172 g/day of PS under the grazing for a period of 42 d. Animals were dewormed on day -10 and all the goats were artificially inoculated on day 0 with 5000 infective stage (L3) drug-resistant H. contortuslarvae. Feed intake and performance were monitored inside the barn while concentrate intakes were recorded in the grazing experiment. Blood samples were taken twice, once at the beginning and once at the end of the experiment. Fecal egg (FEC) and FAMACHA scores were determined every 2 weeks. Rumen fermentation rate, adult worm counts and carcass analysis were conducted on Exp. 2 only. All analyses were conducted using a GLM Procedure of SAS with linear and quadratic effects. In Exp. 2, there were no differences in initial and final BW, average daily gain, carcass characteristics, ruminal VFA and FEC. However, adult worm counts score tended to be lower in 80 g PS supplemented groups (P=0.1). However, in Exp. 1, animals on 25% PS; 138.8 g/d) tended to grow 31% faster (quadratic; P=0.10) when compared to control (95.7 g/d) or 50% PS (110.0 g/d) supplemented group. Goats receiving PS supplementation had linearly decreased (P<0.05) FEC, with maximum responses in 25% PS supplementation. There were no differences in dry matter intake, and FAMACHA and blood plasma metabolites. Results indicated that PS supplementation has the potential to improve ADG and the ability to reduce FEC at the moderate level of CT-containing PS supplementation (up to 25% of DMI), however, additional studies are needed to further validate these findings.