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1419
Effect of lactic acid bacterial inoculants on the fermentation parameters and aerobic stability of sorghum-sudangrass silage
Sorghum-sudangrass (Sorghum vulgare × Sorghum sudanense) has great potential to be widely used for silage making because of its rapid growth, high yields and nutritional value, and acceptability to cattle. However, it is prone to aerobic spoilage, which reduces its nutritional value. The aim of this study was to examine the effect of lactic acid bacterial inoculants on fermentation quality and aerobic stability of sorghum-sudangrass silage. Sorghum-sudangrass was harvested at 20% DM, chopped to approximately 20-mm lengths and treated in triplicate with 106 cfu/g of fresh weight of Lactobacillus buchneri (LB), L. plantarum (LP), and Enterococcus faecalis (EF) or distilled water (Control). Samples were stored at room temperature (about 25°C) for 264 days in polyethylene bags. Silage chemical composition was analyzed, and aerobic stability was determined by measuring the number of hours the temperature in the silages remained stable before rising more than 2°C above room temperature. Data were analyzed using the General Linear Model procedure of SAS and means were separated using Duncan’s test. Silage treated with LB had greater pH compared to Control, LP, and EF silages (3.78 vs 3.75, 3.73, 3.75, respectively; P ≤ 0.05). Similarly, acetic acid concentration was greater for the silage treated with LB compared to Control, LP and EF silages (2.59 vs 2.05, 1.59, 2.20, % DM, respectively, P ≤ 0.05); however, no effects were observed on butyric or propionic acid concentration. The NH3-N/TN concentration was greater in EF silage and lower in LB silage compared to that of the Control silage (6.92, 5.13 vs 5.90 %, P ≤ 0.05). The lactic acid concentrations were 15 and 13% greater in LP and EF silages, respectively compared to the Control silage (12.30, 12.04 vs 10.70, % DM, P ≤ 0.05). Silages treated with LB and EF took longer to heat than untreated silage when exposed to air (169, 166.5 vs 133.5, h, P ≤ 0.05). In contrast, silages inoculated with LP had lower aerobic stability compared to the Control silage (99.5 vs 133.5, h, P≤ 0.05). Inoculating sorghum-sudangrass silage with LB and EF improved aerobic stability, whereas inoculating the silage with LP improved fermentation parameters.
Keywords: aerobic stability, fermentation, inoculants