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1206
The effect of reduced crude protein, synthetic amino acid supplemented diets on nutrient excretion in wean to finish swine
Seven hundred twenty mixed-sex pigs were placed in 12 rooms at the Purdue University Swine Environmental Research Building to study the effect of reduced crude protein diets supplemented with synthetic amino acids on nutrient excretion from wean-finish. Pigs were blocked by BW and gender, and randomly assigned to a room and pen (10 pigs/pen). There were two deep pits per room and three pens over each pit. Each room was fed one of three diets: 1) control diet (Control) balanced to the first limiting amino acid with no synthetic amino acids , 2) a low crude protein (2X) , high synthetic amino acid diet that balanced to the seventh limiting amino acid, and 3) an intermediate CP diet (1X) formulated to have a CP concentration intermediate to the Control and 2X diets, with a moderate level of synthetic amino acid inclusion. This resulted in approximately a 3 and 5%-unit reduction in CP, respectively for 1X and 2X diets. Pig BW, feed intake and manure pit depths were determined at each diet phase change. Pit vacuum samples were collected at the end of each growth phase and frozen at -20°C for subsequent analyses. Data were analyzed using the GLM procedure in SAS. Reductions in dietary crude protein resulted in a linear reduction in ammoniated N excretion per kg of BW gain in both Nursery (Control=8.6 g/kg gain, 1X=7.2 g/kg gain, 2X=5.5 g/kg gain; P<0.0001) and Grow-Finish (Control=18.0 g/kg gain, 1X=14.3 kg/kg gain, 2X=10.1 g/kg gain; P<0.0001) phases. Reductions in dietary CP, with synthetic amino acid supplementation also resulted in a linear reduction in total N excreted per kg gain in the Grow-Finish phase (Control=18.5 g/kg gain, 1X=14.9 g/kg gain, 2X=13.1 g/kg gain; P<0.0001) and overall (Control=17.4 g/kg gain, 1X=15.4 g/kg gain, 2X=13.1g/kg gain; P = 0.0009). Total mineral excretion (Ash) per kg gain was reduced in the 1X and 2X diets compared to the control (Control=39.6 g/kg gain, 1X=36.0 g/kg gain, 2X=33.4 g/kg gain; P = 0.0046). There was no effect of diet on total manure volume or P excreted per kg gain. These results indicate that reductions in dietary crude protein of ~3 and 5%-units from wean-finish result in reductions of total N excretion of 11.7 and 24.4%, respectively.
Keywords:
Swine, Crude Protein, Excretion