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The effects of withdrawing high-fiber ingredients prior to market on growth and carcass characteristics in commercial finishing pigs
It is well recognized that feeding high-fiber diets have negative effects on carcass yield and these effects can be mitigated by withdrawing the high fiber diet prior to market. However, the optimal time period for withdrawing high-fiber ingredients prior to marketing has not been determined. A total of 1,089 pigs (initially 44.5 kg) were used in a 96-d study. The two diet types fed were a corn-soybean meal control diet with low NDF (9.3%) and a high-fiber diet with high NDF (19%) that contained 30% dried distillers grains with solubles (DDGS) and 19% wheat middlings. Four withdraw strategies were evaluated by feeding the high-fiber diet until 24, 19, 14, or 9 d prior to harvest, at which time pigs were switched to the control diet and comparing them to the corn soybean meal or high fiber diet fed for the entire 96 d period. Diets were not balanced for energy. Pens of pigs were randomly allotted to 1 of 6 dietary feeding strategies with 25 to 27 pigs per pen and 7 pens per treatment. Overall (d 0 to 96), pigs fed the high-fiber diet through the entire study had decreased (P<0.01) ADG and G:F compared with those fed the control diet. For pigs initially fed the high-fiber diet and then switched to the control, G/F tended (linear; P<0.07) to improve as withdrawal period increased from 0 to 24 d. Pigs fed the high-fiber diet throughout had decreased (P<0.01) HCW than those fed the control diet. Percentage yield using the farm live weight was not significantly influenced by high-fiber diet withdrawal period; however, HCW increased linearly (P<0.05) as withdrawal period increased. In summary, feeding pigs diets high in fiber decreased ADG, G:F, and HCW; however, switching pigs from a high to low fiber diet prior to market improved HCW.
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Probability, P <1 |
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High-fiber withdrawal prior to market, d |
Control vs. 0 withdrawal |
Duration |
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Item |
Control |
24 |
19 |
14 |
9 |
0 |
Linear |
Quad |
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ADG, kg |
0.92 |
0.89 |
0.88 |
0.88 |
0.87 |
0.88 |
0.01 |
0.28 |
0.79 |
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ADFI, kg |
2.64 |
2.60 |
2.59 |
2.61 |
2.60 |
2.62 |
0.68 |
0.53 |
0.66 |
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G:F |
0.348 |
0.340 |
0.340 |
0.339 |
0.336 |
0.335 |
0.01 |
0.07 |
0.79 |
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HCW, kg |
99.1 |
95.8 |
96.6 |
96.2 |
95.5 |
94.8 |
0.01 |
0.05 |
0.08 |
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Yield, % |
74.85 |
74.10 |
74.62 |
74.54 |
74.43 |
73.93 |
0.19 |
0.73 |
0.27 |
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1SEM was 0.010, 0.035, 0.003, 0.909, and 0.496 for ADG, ADFI, G:F, HCW, and yield, respectively.
Keywords: finishing pig, fiber withdrawal, performance