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Evaluation of Dietary Phytogenics on Growth Performance, Carcass Characteristics and Economics of Grow-Finish Pigs Housed Under Commercial Conditions
Evaluation of Dietary Phytogenics on Growth Performance, Carcass Characteristics and Economics of Grow-Finish Pigs Housed Under Commercial Conditions
Tuesday, March 14, 2017
Grand Ballroom Foyer (Century Link Center)
A total of 1,245 pigs (PIC 327×1050, initially 22.1 kg) were used in a 125-d trial to determine the effects of 2 dietary essential oil mixtures on growth performance, carcass characteristics and economics of finishing pigs. Pens of 27 or 28 pigs were randomly assigned to 1 of 5 dietary treatments with 9 replications/treatment with treatments fed in 6 phases. Treatment 1 was the control with no feed additives. Treatment 2 contained essential oil mixture 1 (EOM 1) in all phases. Treatment 3 contained EOM 1 fed from phase 3 to 6 and essential oil mixture 2 in all phases (EOM 1+2). Treatment 4 contained EOM 1 in all 6 phases. Treatment 5 contained Ractopamine HCl (RAC) in phase 6. Treatments 1-3 and 4-5 had 12% and 16% CP (0.66 and 0.90 % Standardized ileal digestible Lys, respectively) in phase 6 diets, respectively. Overall (d 0 to 125), pigs fed diets with EOM 1+2 had increased (P=0.003) ADFI compared with pigs fed the control diet. Pigs fed EOM 1 + 16% CP had increased (P=0.032) ADFI compared with pigs fed RAC. Pigs fed RAC had increased (P=0.027) G:F compared with pigs fed EOM 1 + 16% CP. Pigs fed EOM 1+2 had heavier (P<0.05) HCW compared with pigs fed the control treatment or EOM 1 + 12% CP. Pigs fed RAC had reduced (P=0.001) backfat thickness and increased (P=0.001) percentage lean, and greater (P<0.030) income over feed cost (IOFC) compared with pigs fed EOM 1 + 16% CP. In summary, while ADG was not affected in this study, pigs fed RAC had the greatest G:F and IOFC. The addition of EOM 1+2 increased HCW similar to those fed RAC with EOM 1 + 16% CP being intermediate. Additional research to confirm these responses to essential oil additions is warranted.
Phase 6 CP, % |
|
12 |
|
|
16 |
|
|
|
Feed additive |
Control |
EOM 11 |
EOM 1+22 |
|
EOM 1 |
RAC3 |
SEM |
|
ADG, kg |
0.81 |
0.83 |
0.83 |
|
0.83 |
0.83 |
0.014 |
|
ADFI, kg |
2.19bc |
2.23ab |
2.27a |
|
2.23ab |
2.17c |
0.046 |
|
G:F |
0.373ab |
0.375ab |
0.368b |
|
0.372b |
0.383a |
0.026 |
|
Final BW, kg |
122.7 |
124.6 |
124.6 |
|
123.8 |
123.9 |
2.37 |
|
HCW, kg |
94.5b |
94.8b |
97.1a |
|
96.1ab |
97.3a |
1.34 |
|
IOFC, $/pig |
65.99ab |
64.55b |
65.64b |
|
65.45b |
67.77a |
0.723 |
|
Means within a row without a common superscript differ P<0.050.
1Contained caraway, garlic, thyme, and cinnamon as key ingredients.
2Contained oregano, citrus and anise oils as key ingredients.
3Ractopamine HCl.