1353
Inclusion of recycled wastes from the food industry in phase I diets for piglets: effects on nutrient digestibility and growth performance
We studied the effects of inclusion of food by-products in the phase I diet on growth performance and total tract apparent digestibility (TTAD) of nutrients in 288 weaned pigs (7.9 ± 0.15 kg BW). On DM bases, the ingredients tested were a) lactal, a combination of yogurt (52%), milk (26%), and 22% of a wheat flour + broken rice meal mixture, b) lactal-cheese, a combination of yogurt (39%), milk (20%), cheese (19%), and 22% of the cereal mixture, and c) Infant, a mixture of out of date infant formulas based on cereals. In phase I (d 0 to 21 of experiment) there were 8 dietary treatments arranged as a 2 x 4 factorial with 2 levels of lactose (7% and 10%) and 4 feed formulation: 1) a control commercial diet, 2) a diet with 15% lactal (LACTAL), 3) a diet with 15% lactal-cheese (LACTAL-cheese), and 4) a diet with 15% lactal-cheese and 20% Infant formula (INFANT). All diets were formulated to be isonutritives. On d 13 to 15 of the experiment, 300 g of feces per pen were collected by rectal massage for the TTAD analysis. From d 21 to 35 (phase II) all pigs received a common diet. Each treatment was replicated 6 times and the experimental unit was the individual pen with 6 pigs. Data were analyzed as a completely randomized design, with level of lactose and feed formulation as main effects. In phase I, an increase in dietary lactose increased (P < 0.05) ADFI and ADG but did not affect G:F. Pigs fed the INFANT diets (with 7 or 10% lactose) had higher ADFI (P < 0.05) than pigs fed the LACTAL diets, with pigs fed the other diets being intermediate. In phase II, pig growth was not affected by previous dietary treatment. Cumulatively, ADFI was higher (P < 0.05) for pigs fed the INFANT diet than for pigs fed the LACTAL diets. TTAD of DM, OM, GE, and CP was higher (P < 0.05) for pigs fed the high lactose level diets. Similar results were obtained for pigs fed the INFANT diets (P < 0.05). It is concluded that an increase in lactose content of the diet improved piglet performance and that the food by-products tested can substitute successfully high quality ingredients, such as dried whey and heat processed cereals, in phase I diets for weanling pigs.
Keywords:
cheese, food by-products, infant formulas, lactose, yogurt.