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Efficacy of Biomin® BBSH 797 to biotransform deoxynivalenol to the metabolite de-epoxy-deoxynivalenol in serum of pigs
The mycotoxin deoxynivalenol (DON) and its metabolites are important biomarkers to demonstrate the efficacy of DON deactivating products in vivo. The aim of this study was to prove the capability of Biomin® BBSH 797 to detoxify DON to the metabolite de-epoxy-deoxynivalenol (DOM-1) in the gastrointestinal tract of pigs. Therefore, DON and DOM-1 were measured in the serum of pigs.
A total of 124 weaned piglets (mixed sex, approx. 28 days) were adapted for two weeks. After adaption, 24 animals were randomly assigned to three experimental groups, according to weight, gender and overall condition. Control group received no DON and no BBSH 797. The second group only received 2 µg/kg of naturally DON contaminated wheat and the third group received two µg/kg DON and 1.7 x 10^8 cfu BBSH 797/kg feed. During the experimental phase, piglets were fed restrictively twice a day. Serum samples of all animals in all groups were taken on four consecutive days. Sample 1 (blank serum sample) was taken before feeding the experimental diets. All other serum samples were taken 1.5, 4, 10 and 24 hours after feeding the experimental diets. Serum samples were analysed for DON and DOM-1 concentrations by LC/MS-MS method.
There were no significant differences in blank serum samples between the three groups. Due to the presence of DON in the standard diet, small amounts of DON and DOM-1 produced by the native intestinal flora were also found in the blank samples. On day three of the trial, DON concentration 1.5 hours after feeding was more than four times higher in serum of the DON group compared to the control and the DON+BBSH group (P=0.02). DOM-1 concentrations in serum (day three, 1.5 hours) were highest in the DON+BBSH group and differed significantly (P=0.00) from the control as well as the DON group.
To conclude, biomarker analysis of pig serum samples revealed a significant reduction of DON concentration and a simultaneously significant increase of the metabolite DOM-1 in Biomin® BBSH 797 treated animals. These results demonstrate the efficacy of Biomin® BBSH 797 to detoxify DON in vivo.
Keywords: Biomin BBSH, deoxynivalenol, biotransformation