Permeate - use as a sodium replacer / flavor implications

Abstract Text:

Whey and milk permeates are co-products of high protein powder manufacture. Permeates are comprised of minerals, lactose and organic acids.  Permeates contain sodium but potassium and organic acids contribute salty taste enhancement.   As such, permeates provide value added opportunities for solids as well as sodium replacement in many foods.  Sensory and chemical properties of permeates from different whey and milk sources and ingredient applications will be addressed.

Keywords:

permeate, sodium reduction, dairy foods