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578
Lactose derivatives and GOS as prebiotic fibers
Lactose is a disaccharide in dairy ingredients and co-products which can be polymerized by both chemical and enzymatic reactions into soluble dietary fiber. Products of each of these manufacturing processes can also be prebiotics if they have demonstrated benefits such as the positive modulation of gut microbiota and improvements in other indicators of digestive health. The enzymatic reaction involves incubating the enzyme β-galactosidase with lactose under specific concentration and temperature conditions to favor the polymerization reaction over hydrolysis. The polymerized product of this reaction is called galactooligosachharides (GOS). The source of the β-galactosidase enzyme greatly affects the temperature requirements for polymerization, the products of the reaction (the amounts of branching and degree of polymerization), and temperature stability of the enzyme. Polymerization of lactose can also be achieved through reacting acid with lactose during heating. This can be achieved under vacuum or pressure during heating either in batch or continuous processes. The degree of polymerization and branching can vary greatly depending on the reaction conditions. The products of this reaction are called polylactose. This seminar will provide an overview of the production of both types of products, and evaluation of these fibers for prebiotic activity.
Keywords: fiber; polymerization; GOS;