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Content of Soluble Non-Starch Polysaccharides β-Mannan and Xylan in Legume Meals, Non-Legume Meals, and Cereal Grains or Cereal Grain by-products
Feedstuffs for swine nutrition contain a variety of anti-nutritive non-starch polysaccharides (NSP) including β-mannan (BGM) and xylan (XYL) which range in content amongst ingredients. An experiment was conducted to estimate total and water soluble content (as is basis) of BGM and XYL in 5 legume, 11 non-legume meals and 11 cereal grains and cereal grain by-products. A ground sample (sieved, 40 mesh screen) of each was suspended in 80% methanol solution and shaken overnight at 40°C. Filtered samples were washed with 80% methanol, ethanol, hexane and air dried. Samples were suspended with phosphate buffer (20 mM, pH = 7.0) and boiled for one hour. Upper portion of centrifuged samples were hydrolyzed by 1.0 M sulfuric acid for GC analysis to determine soluble content. The remaining portion was hydrolyzed by 1.0 M sulfuric acid for GC analysis and corrected for weight to estimate total content. Legume protein meal total and soluble content of BGM ranged from 0.36 to 1.60% (SD=0.49) and 0.30 to 1.45% (SD=0.49), respectively. XYL total and soluble content ranged from 1.00 to 3.10% (SD=0.82) and 0.22 to 0.60% (SD=0.16), respectively. Non-legume protein meal BGM total and soluble content ranged from 0.10 to 39% (SD=14.36) and 0.026 to 7.9% (SD=2.45), respectively. XYL total and soluble content ranged from 0.59 to 11.90% (SD=4.18) and 0 to 1.2% (SD=0.37), respectively. Grain and grain by-product total and soluble BGM content ranged from 0 to 1.0% (SD=0.274) and 0 to 0.21% (SD=0.07), respectively. XYL total and soluble content ranged from 1.75 to 16% (SD=4.89) and 0.08 to 3.10% (SD=1.08), respectively. A better knowledge of soluble BGM and XYL concentration of feedstuffs may provide an opportunity to improve pig performance and reduce their anti-nutritive impact.
Selected Ingredient |
β-mannan content,% |
Xylan content,% |
||
Water soluble |
Total |
Water soluble |
Total |
|
SBM, 48% |
1.1 |
1.2 |
0.22 |
1.4 |
Sesame meal |
1.95 |
4.93 |
0.5 |
0.89 |
Rapeseed meal |
0.39 |
0.68 |
0.3 |
1.3 |
Guar meal, 40%CP |
7.9 |
9.27 |
0.18 |
4.1 |
Sunflower meal |
0.36 |
0.77 |
0.06 |
3.2 |
Palm Kernel Meal |
3 |
39 |
0 |
1.5 |
Corn |
0.03 |
0.05 |
0.18 |
2.62 |
Corn Germ Meal |
0.03 |
0.15 |
1.2 |
10.9 |
Wheat, grain |
0.21 |
0.26 |
0.6 |
4.5 |
Wheat midds |
0.05 |
0.35 |
2.64 |
11.3 |
Barley |
0.02 |
0.27 |
0.75 |
4.5 |
Sorghum |
0 |
0 |
0.08 |
2.5 |
Keywords: NSP, mannan, xylan