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Fermentation of Soybean Meal Using a Novel Bacillus Subtilis Isolate to Improve Nutritive Value in Growing Pigs

Tuesday, March 13, 2018: 3:00 PM
201 (CenturyLink Convention Center)
Yang Lu, Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Sciences, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai, China
Nadeem Akhtar, Department of Animal Biosciences, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada
Cuilan Zhu, Department of Animal Biosciences, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada
Elijah Kiarie, Department of Animal Biosciences, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada
Julang Li, Department of Animal Biosciences, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada
Soybean meal (SBM) fed to pigs contains a variety of antinutritional factors that impair the digestion of protein and utilization of nutrients. In the current study, a commercial SBM was subjected to solid state fermentation (SBM: water, 1:1; inoculum, 1%; temperature, 22-25°C) using a novel Bacillus subtilis CP-9 expressing high level of cellulase, xylanase and protease activities. Protein profile of the SBM after 48 h fermentation showed degradation of high molecular weight proteins including antigenic proteins into small-size peptides on sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. To examine if fermentation altered the nutritive value of SBM, eight barrows (40 ± 2 kg BW) fitted with terminal ileal T-cannula were used. Two semi-purified corn starch–based diets were formulated with unfermented (UF) and fermented (F) SBM as the sole source of AA (min 18% CP, as-fed basis). Pigs were allocated in a two-period cross over design (n = 8) and were fed at 2.8 × maintenance energy requirement. Each period was 9 d; 5 d for adaptation, d 6 and 7 for grab fecal collection and d 8 and 9 for 8 h continuous ileal digesta collection. The diet was considered fixed effect whereas pig and period were considered random effects in statistical analysis. Pigs fed F-SBM had higher (P<0.05) apparent ileal digestibility (AID) of CP (82.7 vs. 79.6%) and ash (46.3 vs. 43.0%) compared with pigs fed UF-SBM. There was no treatment effects (P> 0.10) on AID of NDF and ATTD of acid detergent fiber (ADF), neutral detergent fiber (NDF) and gross energy (GE). In conclusion, fermentation of SBM by a novel Bacillus subtilis CP-9 increased ileal utilization of crude protein and minerals suggesting improved nutritive value in pigs.